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  • Matrix Keyboard Interface With LCD

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    Gaurav Shinde
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    The document describes interfacing a 4x4 matrix keypad and 16x2 LCD to an Atmega16 microcontroller in 4-bit mode, with the keypad used to input keys which are then displayed on the LCD. It provides the required components, software, interface diagram, theory of operation for the keypad and LCD, and a program to detect pressed keys and display them on the LCD. The program uses a 4x4 keypad array to map keys to characters and continuously detects pressed keys using a scanning technique to display the character on the LCD.

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    The document describes interfacing a 4x4 matrix keypad and 16x2 LCD to an Atmega16 microcontroller in 4-bit mode, with the keypad used to input keys which are then displayed on the LCD. It provides the required components, software, interface diagram, theory of operation for the keypad and LCD, and a program to detect pressed keys and display them on the LCD. The program uses a 4x4 keypad array to map keys to characters and continuously detects pressed keys using a scanning technique to display the character on the LCD.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    145 views5 pages

    Matrix Keyboard Interface With LCD

    Uploaded by

    Gaurav Shinde
    The document describes interfacing a 4x4 matrix keypad and 16x2 LCD to an Atmega16 microcontroller in 4-bit mode, with the keypad used to input keys which are then displayed on the LCD. It provides the required components, software, interface diagram, theory of operation for the keypad and LCD, and a program to detect pressed keys and display them on the LCD. The program uses a 4x4 keypad array to map keys to characters and continuously detects pressed keys using a scanning technique to display the character on the LCD.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 5

    Matrix Keyboard interface with LCD

    Aim: To interface 4X4 matrix keypad and LCD in 4 bit mode with Atmega16
    and write program to detect key pressed and display on the LCD.

    Requirement: Atmega16 board,

    4X4 matrix keypad,

    16X2 LCD,

    Connecting wires etc.

    Software: AVR Studio 7.0,

    Proteus 8.0 professional

    Interface diagram:
    Theory:

    The keypad is used as an input device to read the key pressed by the user and to process
    it.4x4 keypad consists of 4 rows and 4 columns. Switches are placed between the rows
    and columns. A keypress establishes a connection between the corresponding row and
    column between which the switch is placed.

    In order to read the keypress, we need to configure the rows as outputs and columns as
    inputs.

    Columns are read after applying signals to the rows in order to determine whether or not
    a key is pressed and if pressed, which key is pressed.

    LCD:
    Liquid Crystal Display is known as LCD is an electronic display which is
    commonly used in many applications such as calculators, laptops, tablets, mobile
    phones etc. there are many type of LCD
    Such as 16×2 character LCD module is a very basic module which is commonly
    used by electronic hobbyists and is used in many electronic devices and project.
    It can display 2 lines of 16 character and each character is displayed using 5×7
    or 5×10 pixel matrix

    16×2 LCD can be interfaced with a microcontroller in 8 Bit or 4 Bit mode. These
    differs in how data and commands are send to LCD. In 8 Bit mode character data
    (as 8 bit ASCII) and LCD command are sent through the data lines D0 to D7.
    That is 8 bit data is send at a time and data strobe is given through E of the LCD.
    But 4 Bit mode uses only 4 data lines D4 to D7. In this 8 bit data is divided into
    two parts and are sent sequentially through the data lines. The idea of 4 bit
    communication is introduced to save pins of microcontroller. 4 bit communication
    is bit slower than 8 bit but this speed difference has no significance as LCDs are
    slow speed devices. Thus 4 bit mode data transfer is most commonly used.

    Here, we are going to interface the 4x4 keypad with AVR ATmega16 and will display the pressed
    a key on LCD16x2.

    LCD16x2 used here in 4-bit mode.

    Program
    #include <avr/io.h>
    #define F_CPU 16000000UL
    #include <util/delay.h>
    #include "Lcdlbr/lcd.h"

    unsigned char keypad[4][4] = { {'7','8','9','/'},


    {'4','5','6','*'},
    {'1','2','3','-'},
    {' ','0','=','+'}};
    unsigned char colloc, rowloc;
    char keyfind()
    {
    while(1)
    {
    DDRA = 0xF0; /* set port direction as input-output */
    PORTA = 0xFF;
    do
    {
    PORTA &= 0x0F; /* mask PORT for column read only */
    asm("NOP");
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F); /* read status of column */
    }
    while(colloc != 0x0F);
    do
    {
    do
    {
    _delay_ms(20); /* 20ms key debounce time */
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F); /* read status of column */
    }
    while(colloc == 0x0F); /* check for any key press */
    _delay_ms (40); /* 20 ms key debounce time */
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F);
    }
    while(colloc == 0x0F);
    /* now check for rows */
    PORTA = 0xEF; /* check for pressed key in 1st row */
    asm("NOP");
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F);
    if(colloc != 0x0F)
    {
    rowloc = 0;
    break;
    }
    PORTA = 0xDF; /* check for pressed key in 2nd row */
    asm("NOP");
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F);
    if(colloc != 0x0F)
    {
    rowloc = 1;
    break;
    }
    PORTA = 0xBF; /* check for pressed key in 3rd row */
    asm("NOP");
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F);
    if(colloc != 0x0F)
    {
    rowloc = 2;
    break;
    }
    PORTA = 0x7F; /* check for pressed key in 4th row */
    asm("NOP");
    colloc = (PINA & 0x0F);
    if(colloc != 0x0F)
    {
    rowloc = 3;
    break;
    }
    }
    if(colloc == 0x0E)
    return(keypad[rowloc][0]);
    else if(colloc == 0x0D)
    return(keypad[rowloc][1]);
    else if(colloc == 0x0B)
    return(keypad[rowloc][2]);
    else
    return(keypad[rowloc][3]);
    }

    int main(void)
    {

    lcd_init(LCD_DISP_ON); /*initialize lcd,display on, cursor on */

    lcd_clrscr(); /* clear screen of lcd */


    lcd_gotoxy(2,0); /* bring cursor to 4,0 */
    lcd_puts("Press a key"); /* type something random */
    while(1)
    {
    lcd_gotoxy(8,1); /* go to 2nd row 1st col */
    lcd_putc( keyfind()); /* type something random */
    }

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