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  • ATMega16 AVR Microcontroller LCD Digital Clock

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    AdrianMartinezMendez
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    This document describes an ATMega16 AVR microcontroller project to create a digital clock with an LCD display. The clock keeps time in hours, minutes and seconds (HH:MM:SS) and uses two push buttons to set the hours and minutes. When powered on, the clock starts at 00:00:00. The document provides the hardware schematic and AVR C code to implement the clock functionality and display the time on the LCD. It uses Timer Counter 1 interrupts to increment the seconds and update the LCD display every second.

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    This document describes an ATMega16 AVR microcontroller project to create a digital clock with an LCD display. The clock keeps time in hours, minutes and seconds (HH:MM:SS) and uses two push buttons to set the hours and minutes. When powered on, the clock starts at 00:00:00. The document provides the hardware schematic and AVR C code to implement the clock functionality and display the time on the LCD. It uses Timer Counter 1 interrupts to increment the seconds and update the LCD display every second.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    390 views5 pages

    ATMega16 AVR Microcontroller LCD Digital Clock

    Uploaded by

    AdrianMartinezMendez
    This document describes an ATMega16 AVR microcontroller project to create a digital clock with an LCD display. The clock keeps time in hours, minutes and seconds (HH:MM:SS) and uses two push buttons to set the hours and minutes. When powered on, the clock starts at 00:00:00. The document provides the hardware schematic and AVR C code to implement the clock functionality and display the time on the LCD. It uses Timer Counter 1 interrupts to increment the seconds and update the LCD display every second.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 5

    ATMega16 AVR Microcontroller LCD

    Digital Clock
    The ATMega16 LCD Digital Clock

    In this ATMega16 AVR project we will be designing and implementing a digital clock
    with the aid of a Atmel AVR ATMega16 microcontroller and an alphanumeric liquid
    crystal display (LCD).

    Note: Although this AVR project was designed around the ATMega16 the project could
    have utilized another microcontroller such as an ATMega32, ATMega8515, etc.

    ATMega16 LCD Digital Clock Operation


    Our digital clock operates as follows. When the circuit is powered up the clock starts at
    "00:00:00" for "HH:MM:SS". There are two push-button switches used to set the time.
    Switch SW1 is for setting the minutes, when this button is pressed the minutes in
    increase until it reaches 59 then reset and start counting from 0. Switch SW2 is for
    setting the hours.

    ATMega16 LCD Digital Clock Hardware Description

    The figure below gives the circuit diagram for the ATmega16 LCD Digital Clock.
    Important Note: In order for our digital clock to work correctly the internal oscillator of
    the ATMega16 AVR microcontroller must be enabled and set to 4MHz.

    ATMega16 LCD Digital Clock Software

    Below is the AVR C implementation of the entire code for the ATMega16 based LCD
    digital clock. The code was implemented and built using AVR Studio 5. Be reminded
    that the internal clock of the ATMega16 microcontroller should be enabled and
    programmed to operate at 4MHz for the AVR C code to operate correctly. A video of
    the LCD digital clock in operation is presented at the end of this page.

    /*
    * LCD-Digital-Clock.c
    *
    * Written in AVR Studio 5
    * Compiler: AVR GNU C Compiler (GCC)
    *
    * Created: 12/22/2011 6:34:36 PM
    * Author: AVR Tutorials
    * Website: www.AVR-Tutorials.com
    */

    #define F_CPU 4000000UL


    #include <avr/delay.h>
    #include <avr/io.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <avr/interrupt.h>

    /*Global Variables Declarations*/


    unsigned char hours = 0;
    unsigned char minutes = 0;
    unsigned char seconds = 0;
    char time[] = "00:00:00";

    /*LCD function declarations */


    void LCD_send_command(unsigned char cmnd);
    void LCD_send_data(unsigned char data);
    void LCD_init();
    void LCD_goto(unsigned char y, unsigned char x);
    void LCD_print(char *string);
    void LCD_update_time(void);

    /*Timer Counter 1 Compare Match A Interrupt Service Routine/Interrupt


    Handler*/
    ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect);

    #define LCD_DATA_PORT PORTB


    #define LCD_DATA_DDR DDRB
    #define LCD_DATA_PIN PINB

    #define LCD_CNTRL_PORT PORTC


    #define LCD_CNTRL_DDR DDRC
    #define LCD_CNTRL_PIN PINC

    #define LCD_RS_PIN 5
    #define LCD_RW_PIN 6
    #define LCD_ENABLE_PIN 7
    #define SET_HOUR 3
    #define SET_MINUTE 4

    int main(void)
    {
    unsigned char i;

    LCD_init();
    LCD_goto(1,2);
    LCD_print("AVR-Tutorials");
    LCD_goto(2,4);
    LCD_print(time);

    LCD_CNTRL_PORT = (1<<SET_HOUR | 1<<SET_MINUTE);

    TCCR1B = (1<<CS12|1<<WGM12);
    OCR1A = 15625-1;
    TIMSK = 1<<OCIE1A;
    sei();

    while(1)
    {
    if(!(LCD_CNTRL_PIN & (1<<SET_HOUR)))
    {
    hours++;
    if(hours > 23)
    hours = 0;
    }
    if(!(LCD_CNTRL_PIN & (1<<SET_MINUTE)))
    {
    minutes++;
    if(minutes > 59)
    minutes = 0;
    }
    _delay_ms(250);
    }
    }

    /* This function sends a command 'cmnd' to the LCD module*/


    void LCD_send_command(unsigned char cmnd)
    {
    LCD_DATA_PORT = cmnd;
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW_PIN);
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RS_PIN);

    LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
    _delay_us(2);
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
    _delay_us(100);
    }

    /* This function sends the data 'data' to the LCD module*/


    void LCD_send_data(unsigned char data)
    {
    LCD_DATA_PORT = data;
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_RW_PIN);
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_RS_PIN);

    LCD_CNTRL_PORT |= (1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
    _delay_us(2);
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT &= ~(1<<LCD_ENABLE_PIN);
    _delay_us(100);
    }

    void LCD_init()
    {
    LCD_CNTRL_DDR = 0xFF;
    LCD_CNTRL_PORT = 0x00;
    LCD_DATA_DDR = 0xFF;
    LCD_DATA_PORT = 0x00;

    _delay_ms(10);
    LCD_send_command(0x38);
    LCD_send_command(0x0C);
    LCD_send_command(0x01);
    _delay_ms(10);
    LCD_send_command(0x06);
    }

    /* This function moves the cursor the line y column x on the LCD
    module*/
    void LCD_goto(unsigned char y, unsigned char x)
    {
    unsigned char firstAddress[] = {0x80,0xC0,0x94,0xD4};

    LCD_send_command(firstAddress[y-1] + x-1);
    _delay_ms(10);
    }

    void LCD_print(char *string)


    {
    unsigned char i;

    while(string[i]!=0)
    {
    LCD_send_data(string[i]);
    i++;
    }
    }
    void LCD_update_time()
    {
    unsigned char temp;

    LCD_goto(2,4);

    itoa(hours/10,temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    itoa(hours%10,temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    LCD_print(":");

    itoa(minutes/10,temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    itoa((minutes%10),temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    LCD_print(":");

    itoa(seconds/10,temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    itoa(seconds%10,temp,10);
    LCD_print(temp);
    }
    /*Timer Counter 1 Compare Match A Interrupt Service Routine/Interrupt
    Handler*/
    ISR(TIMER1_COMPA_vect)
    {
    seconds++;

    if(seconds == 60)
    {
    seconds = 0;
    minutes++;
    }
    if(minutes == 60)
    {
    minutes = 0;
    hours++;
    }
    if(hours > 23)
    hours = 0;

    LCD_update_time();
    }

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