The Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus) is a captivating shorebird worth getting to know. With its intriguing behavior and appearance, this fascinating species has captured the attention of birdwatchers and ornithologists alike. In this article, we will dive into the taxonomy, physical features, habitat, diet, presence in Nepal, and an interesting point about the Red-necked Phalarope.
Taxonomy of the Red-necked Phalarope
Belonging to the Phalaropus genus within the family Scolopacidae, the Red-necked Phalarope is one of three phalarope species worldwide. Its scientific name, Phalaropus lobatus, is derived from Greek words: "phalaris," meaning coot (a waterbird with lobed toes), and "pous," translating to foot â referring to its distinct lobed toes that assist in swimming.
Physical Features
Measuring between 18-20 cm in length and weighing around 35-50 grams, this small-sized shorebird exhibits striking sexual dimorphism â meaning male and female birds differ significantly in appearance. Females flaunt a vibrant rust-red neck and chest during the breeding season with grayish-brown upperparts and white underparts. Males have subtler plumage with a warm buff-colored neck and duller gray-brown upperparts. Both sexes boast lobate toes ideal for their swimming habits.
Habitat of the Red-necked Phalarope
The tundra regions of North America and Eurasia serve as breeding grounds for these charming birds. During non-breeding seasons, they migrate to the open ocean waters off Western Central America's coastlines. They are commonly found on freshwater wetlands during migration periods but can also be spotted on lakes and coastal mudflats.
Dietary Preferences
With a specialized diet mainly consisting of aquatic invertebrates, Red-necked Phalaropes consume various prey items such as crustaceans, insects, and their larvae. An interesting foraging method, called "spinning," is employed by these birds â they spin themselves rapidly around in circles on the water's surface to create a vortex that sucks in food items from the surroundings, allowing them to snatch up their meal efficiently.
Presence in Nepal
During migration, Red-necked Phalaropes have been observed at Mai Pokhari wetland in the Ilam district and Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve in eastern Nepal. These important stopover sites provide essential opportunities for the birds to rest and feed during their incredible journeys between breeding grounds and wintering sites.
An Interesting Point:Â
Remarkably, unlike most bird species, female Red-necked Phalaropes take charge in courtship and territorial disputes. After laying eggs, they leave the males responsible for incubation and tending to the young while they move on to find other mates.
The captivating nature of the Red-necked Phalarope continues to intrigue wildlife enthusiasts globally. Their striking appearance, unique behaviors, and changing habitats offer myriad opportunities for further study, conservation efforts, and enjoyment for birdwatchers alike.
